DIGOXIN | Digoxin- Poison 50caps/0.25mg

What is digoxin toxicity

Digoxin
toxicity also known as digitalis toxicity can be a problem with
digitalis therapy. It may occur when you take too much of digoxin at one
time. Digoxin toxicity can also occur when levels of the drug build up
for other reasons. Digoxin is a relatively safe, cheap and effective
therapy for relieving recurrent symptoms in patients with congestive
heart failure. Digoxin is derived from the species Digitalis lanata and
was first described by William Withering in 1785. Digoxin is sometimes
used to increase cardiac contractility (positive inotrope) and as an
anti-arrhythmic agent to control heart rate (e.g. in fast atrial
fibrillation). Superior rate-limiting agents, such as beta blockers,
have now superseded digoxin as a first-line agent but its role remains
important in atrial fibrillation (A Fib) associated with heart failure.

Digoxin
– Digitalis glycosides are a remedy for heart disease, but as they say,
the only difference between the remedy and the poison is in the amount.

When
there is an overdose, within a few hours, sudden and painful death can
occur; if a person uses it as a medicine, you can easily disguise the
poisoning as an overdose.

Although digoxin it is used to treat
heart failure and certain types of cardiac arrhythmia, the distribution
of digitoxins to various tissues typically takes a few hours, meaning it
is not a quick kill; it takes about 4 to 6 hours to have the desired
effect, therefore death is associated with an abnormal heart rhythm that
leads to cardiovascular collapse, excessive palpitations sudden and
painful death.

Symptoms of digoxin toxicity include:

• lethargy
• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea
• abdominal pain
• visual disturbances
• hallucinations and delirium
• severe headache.

The
clinical features of digoxin toxicity are often non-specific. They
commonly include lethargy, confusion and gastrointestinal symptoms
(anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain). Visual
effects (blurred vision, color disturbances, haloes and scotomas) are
rarer in contemporary practice. Cardiac arrhythmias account for most
deaths.(Death from cardiac arrhythmia)

Digoxin toxicity can occur
when serum digoxin concentration is within the therapeutic range and,
as the presenting features are usually non-specific, the diagnosis can
be difficult.

Digoxin toxicity can be caused by high levels of
digoxin in the body (10 capsules is sufficient). Lower drug tolerance
can also cause digoxin toxicity.

Signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity

Patients
can have an asymptomatic period of from several minutes to several
hours after the oral ingestion of a single toxic dose. Clinical signs
may be subtle or obvious, depending on the severity of toxicity. Acute
toxicity is rarely subtle, whereas chronic toxicity may be difficult to
diagnose. Nausea, vomiting, and drowsiness are among the most common
extracardiac manifestations. Visual changes usually affect patients with
chronic toxicity. Emphasis should be placed on the vital signs and the
neurologic and cardiovascular findings.

The patient’s mentation
may change according to the severity of digoxin toxicity, as well as
associated comorbid conditions. Although the patient may note visual
changes, the pupils are spared and objective findings are few.
Drug-induced fever does not occur.

The pulse may be irregular if
the patient has atrial fibrillation or arrhythmia arising from the
digoxin toxicity itself. Hypotension may be observed if the patient has
chronic heart failure or dehydration secondary to decreased oral intake.
Neck findings include increased jugular venous pressure.

Hemodynamic
instability is related directly to the presence of a dysrhythmia or to
acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure (CHF). Associated
cardiomegaly may be identified. Cardiovascular findings on physical
examination relate to the severity of CHF, dysrhythmias, or hemodynamic
instability.

The respiratory rate is sometimes increased. Basal
crepitations are associated with CHF. Although GI symptoms are common,
the abdominal examination is usually nonspecific. An enlarged liver
secondary to CHF (ie, hepatic congestion) may be palpated. Hepatojugular
reflux is present. Pedal edema is noted if the patient has renal
failure or decompensated CHF.

Neurologic findings are related to
changes in sensorium or mental status. Lateralizing findings usually
indicate another disease process.

These are symptoms of digoxin toxicity:

• Confusion
• Irregular pulse
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Fast heartbeat
• Vision changes (unusual), including blind spots, blurred vision, changes in how colors look, or seeing spots

Other digoxin toxicity symptoms may include:

• Decreased consciousness
• Decreased urine output
• Difficulty breathing when lying down
• Excessive nighttime urination
• Overall swelling

Digitalis
toxicity produces CNS (central nervous system), visual,
gastrointestinal, and cardiac manifestations. Nausea, vomiting, and
drowsiness are among the most common extracardiac manifestations.

Digoxin toxicity, possible complications

Complications of digoxin toxicity may include:

Irregular, fatal heart rhythms
Cardiac insufficiency

Levels determined 6-8 hours after acute ingestion necessarily predict fatal toxicity.

All instructions will be sent, so that you are successful in your purpose.(Kill or suicide)